\(\text{1)}m_{KOH}=40.35\%=14\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{KOH}=\dfrac{14}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\\ \text{Theo pthh}:n_{HCl}=n_{KOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=0,25.0,5=0,125\left(l\right)\)

\(\text{2)}n_{Al}=\dfrac{4,05}{27}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=200.14,7\%=29,4\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3\\ \text{PTHH}:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\\ \text{LTL}:\dfrac{0,15}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{3}\rightarrow H_2SO_4\text{ dư}\)

\(\text{Theo pthh}:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,15=0,225\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=0,225\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,15=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow m_{dd\left(\text{sau phản ứng}\right)}=200+4,05-0,3.2=203,45\left(g\right)\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{H_2SO_4\text{ dư}}=\dfrac{\left(0,3-0,225\right).98}{203,45}=3,61\%\\C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{342.0,075}{203,45}=12,61\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=1.0,2=0,2(mol)\\ PTHH:2NaOH+H_2SO_4\to Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ a,n_{NaOH}=0,4(mol);n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2.142=28,4(g)\\ m_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,4.40}{20\%}=80(g) \end{cases}\\ b,2KOH+H_2SO_4\to K_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{KOH}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,4.56}{5,6\%}=400(g)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{KOH}}=\dfrac{400}{1,045}=382,78(ml)\)

Bước 1: nH2SO4 = VH2SO4 . CM H2SO4= 0,2 . 1 = 0,2mol

Bước 2:

PTHH:       2NaOH    +    H2SO4 →  Na2SO4 + H2O

                     2 mol             1 mol     

                    ? mol               0,2mol

m_KOH = m_dd .35% = 19,6 (g)

⇒ n_KOH = \(\frac{19,6}{56}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

KOH + HCl → KCl + H₂O

0,35 0,35 0,35

\(V_{HCl}=\frac{n}{C_M}=0,7\left(l\right)=700\left(ml\right)\)

m_KCl = 0,35.74,5 = 26,075(mol)

Đổi 300ml = 0,3 lít

Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.0,5=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: H₂SO₄ + 2KOH ---> K₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

a. Theo PT: \(n_{KOH}=2.n_{H_2SO_4}=2.0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{dd_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(lít\right)\)

b. Theo PT: \(n_{K_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{K_2SO_4}=0,15.174=26,1\left(g\right)\)

c. Ta có: \(V_{dd_{K_2SO_4}}=V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=0,3\left(lít\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{K_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,3}=0,5M\)

Bài 1:

Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

BTNT H, có: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2O}\Rightarrow n_{H_2O}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

Theo ĐL BTKL, có: m _oxit + m_HCl = m_muối + m_H2O

⇒ m_muối = 2,8 + 0,1.36,5 - 0,05.18 = 5,55 (g)

Bài 2:

\(m_{KOH}=200.5,6\%=11,2\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2KOH+CuCl_2\rightarrow2KCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)

Bài 3:

Ta có: \(C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{m_{NaCl}}{m_{NaCl}+m_{H_2O}}.100\%=32\%\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{m_{NaCl}}{m_{NaCl}+200}=0,32\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{NaCl}\approx94,12\left(g\right)\)

Bài 4:

Ta có: \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{15}{100}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}CaO+CO_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CaO\left(LT\right)}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{CaO\left(LT\right)}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow H=\dfrac{6,72}{8,4}.100\%=80\%\)

100ml = 0,1l

\(n_{H2SO4}=3.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

a) Pt : \(H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O|\)

                1             2                1              2

              0,3           0,6             0,3

b) \(n_{K2SO4}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{K2SO4}=0,3.174=52,2\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,3.2}{1}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,6}{2}=0,3\left(l\right)\)

d) \(V_{ddspu}=0,1+0,3=0,4\left(l\right)\)

\(C_{M_{K2SO4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,4}=0,75\left(M\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

\(a,PTHH:KOH+HNO_3\rightarrow KNO_3+H_2O\\ b,n_{HNO_3}=3\cdot0,15=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{KOH}=n_{HNO_3}=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{KOH}}=0,45\cdot56=25,2\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{KOH}}=\dfrac{25,2\cdot100\%}{25\%}=100,8\left(g\right)\\ c,V_{dd_{KOH}}=\dfrac{m_{dd_{KOH}}}{D}=\dfrac{100,8}{2,12}\approx47,5\left(ml\right)\)

Ta có n_NaOH = 0,006 mol ; n_H2SO4 = 0,028 mol

=>n_{H2SO4 phản ứng X} = 0,05 mol = n_X

=>các amino axit trong X chỉ chứa 1 nhóm NH₂.

+/ Xét ½ X có số mol 0,025 . n_Ba(OH)2 = 0,015 mol

=>Lượng OH^- trung hòa ½ X là 0,03 mol > 0,025

=>Trong X có 1 amino axit có 1 nhóm COOH ; axit còn lại có 2 nhóm COOH

=> n_{aa có 2 nhóm COOH} = 0,005 mol ; n_{aa có 1 nhóm COOH} = 0,02 mol

Đặt CT 2 amino axit là R₁(NH₂)(COOH) ; R₂(NH₂)(COOH)₂

=>Tạo muối với Ba(OH)₂ và n_H2O = n_OH- = 0,03 mol

Bảo toàn Khối lượng : m_{1/2 X}= 2,235g

=> 0,02.( R₁ + 61) + 0,005.(R₂ + 106) = 2,235

=> 4R₁ + R₂ = 97

=>R₁ = 14 (CH₂) và R₂ = 41 ( C₃H₅) TM

=> Do M_B > M_A => B là NH₂-C₃H₅-(COOH)₂

=>%m_M(X) = 32,89%

=>D